Structural Similarities between Populations of Persons with and without Disabilities by Selected Social and Economic Factors
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15678/AOC.2018.1904Keywords:
persons with disabilities, discrimination, index of structural similarity, Gini coefficients, labour marketAbstract
Cohesion policy pursued by the EU addresses the important issue of improving the quality of life of persons with disabilities and, above all, preventing their social exclusion and discrimination. Measures in support of these aims are included in many strategic documents, among others, Europe 2020 and Strategy for Accountable Development until 2020. This paper aims to assess the situation of persons with disabilities compared to persons without disabilities by selected socio-economic variables and on the basis of real data from the 2011 General Population and Housing Census. The population structure of persons with and without disabilities was compared using statistical methods based on indexes of structural similarity, the Gini coefficient, and chi-squared statistic.
The structures of the examined groups of persons with and without disabilities turned out to be similar with respect to education and civil status, but significantly dissimilar with respect to age, economic activity, and source of income. Compared to persons without disabilities, among disabled persons there are considerably more persons who are professionally inactive and hence non-wage earners, living on retirement or disability pensions. Persons without disabilities begin living on their own sooner than persons with disabilities. Today, the lower level of education and professional activity among persons with disabilities compared to persons without disabilities is the most fundamental and difficult challenge for government policy towards persons with disabilities.
References
The Act (2010) “Ustawa z dnia 4 marca 2010 r. o narodowym spisie powszechnym ludności mieszkań w 2010” [Act of 4 March 2010 on the National Census of Population and Housing in 2010]. Journal of Laws, No. 47, item 277.
Agresti, A. (2002) Categorical Data Analysis. Second edition. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Bennett, L., Ray, K. and Wilson, T. (2016) “Addressing Barriers to Work for Disabled People and Those with Long Term Health Conditions in Brighton & Hove”. Research report. Learning and Work Institute, September, https://ec.europa.eu/epale/sites/epale/files/addressing_barriers_to_employment_for_disabled_people.pdf (accessed: 20 January 2018).
Borowski, B. and Szczęsny, W. (2005) “Metody wizualizacji danych wielowymiarowych jako narzędzie syntezy informacji” [Methods of visualisation of multidimensional data as a tool for the synthesis of information]. Roczniki Naukowe VII (5): 11–18.
Central Statistical Office (2013) Ludność i gospodarstwa domowe. Stan i struktura społeczno-ekonomiczna. Część I. Ludność, Narodowy Spis Powszechny Ludności i Mieszkań [Population and households. Current state and socio-economic structure. Part I. Population, the National Census of Population and Housing]. Warsaw: Central Statistical Office.
Central Statistical Office (2017) Trwanie życia w 2016 r. [Life expectancy in 2016]. Warsaw: Central Statistical Office.
EU (2010) “Europe 2020: A Strategy for Smart, Sustainable and Inclusive Growth”. Brussels: European Commission, 3 March.
EU (2013) “Regulation (EU) No 1303/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 December 2013”, OJ 2013 L 347, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32013R1303&from=PL (accessed: 20 January 2018).
Gasz, M. (2014) “Strategia Europa 2020 – założenia i perspektywy realizacji” [Europe 2020 Strategy – assumptions and prospects for implementation]. Nierówności społeczne a wzrost Gospodarczy 38 (2): 85–97.
Grabowska, A. (2016) “Zakaz dyskryminacji w zatrudnieniu ze względu na niepełnosprawność” [The prohibition of discrimination in employment on grounds of disability]. Pracownik i Pracodawca 1 (2): 67–78, https://doi.org/10.12775/pip.2016.005.
Kukulak-Dolata, I. and Sobocka-Szczapa, H. (2013) Analiza sytuacji osób niepełnosprawnych w Polsce i Unii Europejskiej [Analysis of the situation of people with disabilities in Poland and the European Union]. Warsaw: PFRON, IPiSS, CBOS.
Ministry of Investment and Economic Development (2017) “Strategia na rzecz odpowiedzialnego rozwoju do roku 2020” [Strategy for Responsible Development 2020], https://www.mr.gov.pl/media/36848/SOR_2017_maly_internet_03_2017_aa.pdf (accessed: 20 January 2018).
Młodak, A. (2006) Analiza taksonomiczna w statystyce regionalnej [Taxonomic analysis in regional statistics]. Warsaw: Difin.
Ostasiewicz, W. (2011) Badania statystyczne [Statistical surveys]. Warsaw: Oficyna Wolters Kluwer Business.
Sendi, R. and Kerbler-Kefo, B. (2009) “Disabled People and Accessibility: How Successful Is Slovenia in the Elimination and Prevention of Built-environment and Communications Barriers?”. Urbani Izziv 20 (1): 123–40, https://doi.org/10.5379/urbani-izziv-en-2009-20-01-001.
Taksonomia struktur w badaniach regionalnych [Taxonomy of structures in regional research] (1998) ed. D. Strahl. Wrocław: Wrocław University of Economics Press.
Wyżnikiewicz, B. (1987) Zmiany strukturalne w gospodarce. Prawidłowości i ograniczenia [Structural changes in the economy: Regularities and constraints]. Warsaw: Państwowe Wydawnictwo Ekonomiczne.
